Ukusebenzisa iphedi yokuthinta

Ukwethulwa kwekhabhoni ecushiwe

Sithatha ubuqotho futhi siwine njengomgomo wokusebenza, futhi siphatha wonke amabhizinisi ngokulawula nokunakekela okuqinile.

Ikhabhoni ecushiwe (AC) isho izinto ezikhiqiza ikhabhoni ephezulu enamandla amakhulu kanye nekhono lokuhluza elikhiqizwe ngokhuni, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, amalahle, namakhoni, njll. I-AC ingenye yama-adsorbent asetshenziswa njalo asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola okuningi. emanzini nasemoyeni.Njengoba, i-AC ihlanganiswe emikhiqizweni yezolimo kanye nemfucuza, ibonakale iyindlela ehlukile emithonjeni esetshenziswa ngokwesiko engavuseleleki nemba eqolo.Ukulungiswa kwe-AC, izinqubo ezimbili eziyisisekelo, i-carbonization kanye nokusebenza, zisetshenziswa.Enqubweni yokuqala, ama-precursers angaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, phakathi kuka-400 no-850 ° C, ukuxosha zonke izingxenye eziguquguqukayo.Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme eliphakeme lisusa zonke izingxenye ezingezona ikhabhoni kumanduleli njenge-hydrogen, umoya-mpilo, ne-nitrogen esesimweni samagesi netiyela.Le nqubo ikhiqiza i-char enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephezulu kodwa indawo ephansi kanye ne-porosity.Kodwa-ke, isinyathelo sesibili sibandakanya ukwenziwa kusebenze kwe-char eyakhiwe ngaphambilini.Ukuthuthukiswa kosayizi wezimbotshana phakathi nenqubo yokuvula kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: ukuvulwa kwezimbotshana ezazingafinyeleleki ngaphambili, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimbotshana ezintsha ngokuvula okukhethiwe, kanye nokwandiswa kwezimbotshana ezikhona.
Imvamisa, izindlela ezimbili, ezomzimba nezamakhemikhali, zisetshenziselwa ukwenza kusebenze ukuthola indawo efiselekayo kanye ne-porosity.Ukwenza kusebenze ngokomzimba kuhilela ukwenza kusebenze i-carbonized char kusetshenziswa amagesi e-oxidizing njengomoya, i-carbon dioxide, nesitimu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (phakathi kuka-650 no-900°C).I-Carbon dioxide ivamise ukuthandwa ngenxa yemvelo yayo emsulwa, ukuphatha kalula, kanye nenqubo elawulekayo yokwenza kusebenze cishe ku-800°C.Ukufana kwe-pore okuphezulu kungatholakala ngokusebenza kwe-carbon dioxide uma kuqhathaniswa ne-steam.Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni ngokomzimba, isitimu sithandwa kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa nesikhutha njengoba i-AC enendawo ephakeme kakhulu ingakhiqizwa.Ngenxa yobukhulu be-molecule yamanzi, ukusakazeka kwayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-char kwenzeka ngokuphumelelayo.Ukwenza kusebenze ngesitimu kutholwe kuphakeme ngokuphindwe kabili kuya kwezintathu kune-carbon dioxide enezinga elifanayo lokuguqulwa.
Nokho, indlela yamakhemikhali ihlanganisa ukuxubana kwesandulela nama-ejenti acupha (NaOH, KOH, ne-FeCl3, njll.).Lawa ma-agent asebenza njengama-oxidants kanye nama-ejenti aqeda amanzi emzimbeni.Ngale ndlela, i-carbonization kanye nokwenza kusebenze kwenziwa kanyekanye ekushiseni okuphansi ngokuqhathaniswa okungu-300-500 ° C uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela engokwenyama.Ngenxa yalokho, kuthinta ukubola kwe-pyrolytic futhi, bese, kuphumela ekwandeni kwesakhiwo esithuthukisiwe se-porous kanye nesivuno esiphezulu sekhabhoni.Izinzuzo ezinkulu zamakhemikhali ngaphezu kokusebenza ngokomzimba isidingo sokushisa esiphansi, izakhiwo ze-microporosity ephezulu, indawo enkulu, kanye nesikhathi esincishisiwe sokuqeda ukusabela.
Ukuphakama kwendlela yokwenza amakhemikhali kungachazwa ngesisekelo semodeli ehlongozwe uKim kanye nozakwabo [1] ngokusho ukuthi ama-microdomain ahlukahlukene ayindilinga anesibopho sokwakheka kwama-micropores atholakala ku-AC.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-mesopores athuthukiswa ezifundeni ze-intermicrodomain.Ngokokuhlola, bakha ikhabhoni ecushiwe kusuka ku-phenol-based resin ngamakhemikhali (besebenzisa i-KOH) kanye nokwenza kusebenze ngokomzimba (kusetshenziswa isitimu) (Umfanekiso 1).Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi i-AC ehlanganiswe ukwenziwa kusebenze kwe-KOH ibe nendawo ephezulu engu-2878 m2/g uma iqhathaniswa no-2213 m2/g ngokuvula isitimu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izici ezifana nosayizi wembotshana, indawo engaphezulu, ivolumu ye-micropore, kanye nobubanzi bembotshana obumaphakathi konke kutholwe kungcono ezimeni ezicushwe yi-KOH uma kuqhathaniswa nesitimu esicushiwe.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-AC Ilungiselelwe kusukela ekwenzeni kusebenze isitimu(C6S9) kanye nokwenza kusebenze kwe-KOH(C6K9), ngokulandelana, kuchazwe ngokwemodeli yesakhiwo esincane.
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Ngokuya ngosayizi wezinhlayiyana nendlela yokuyilungiselela, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: i-AC enamandla, i-granular AC, ne-AC yobuhlalu.I-AC ene-powered yakhiwa ngama-granules amahle anosayizi ongu-1 mm nebanga lobubanzi obuyisilinganiso elingu-0.15-0.25 mm.I-Granular AC inosayizi omkhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nendawo yangaphandle encane.I-Granular AC isetshenziselwa izinhlelo ezahlukene zesigaba soketshezi kanye nesigaba segesi kuye ngezilinganiso zazo zobukhulu.Isigaba sesithathu: ubuhlalu be-AC buvamise ukuhlanganiswa ukusuka ku-petroleum pitch enobubanzi obusuka ku-0.35 ukuya ku-0.8 mm.Yaziwa ngamandla ayo emishini ephezulu kanye nothuli oluphansi.Isetshenziswa kakhulu emibhedeni efakwe amanzi efana nokuhlunga kwamanzi ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esiyindilinga.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-18-2022