Isho ukuthini i-activated carbon?
Ikhabhoni ecushiwe yinto yemvelo ecutshunguliwe enekhabhoni ephezulu.Isibonelo, amalahle, izinkuni noma ukhukhunathi yizinto zokusetshenziswa eziphelele zalokhu.Umkhiqizo ovelayo une-porosity ephezulu futhi ungakhanga ama-molecule ezinto ezingcolile futhi uwacuphe, ngaleyo ndlela uhlanze umoya, amagesi noketshezi.
Imaphi amafomu ekhabhoni ecushiwe angahlinzekwa ngawo?
Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingakhiqizwa ngokwentengiso ibe yizimbudumbudu, ama-pelletized kanye namafomu ayimpuphu.Osayizi abahlukene bachazwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.Isibonelo, ekwelashweni komoya noma kwegesi, umkhawulo wokugeleza ukungenisa, ngakho-ke izinhlayiya ezimahhadla zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi.Ekwelashweni okuwuketshezi, lapho inqubo yokususa ihamba kancane, khona-ke izinhlayiya ezicolekile zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izinga, noma i-kinetics, yenqubo yokuhlanza.
Isebenza kanjani ikhabhoni ecushiwe?
Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isebenza ngenqubo ye-adsorption.Lokhu ukukhangwa kwe-molecule endaweni yangaphakathi enkulu ye-carbon ngamandla abuthakathaka, aziwa ngokuthi amabutho aseLondon.I-molecule ibanjwe endaweni futhi ayikwazi ukususwa, ngaphandle uma izimo zenqubo zishintsha, isibonelo ukushisa noma ukucindezela.Lokhu kungaba wusizo njengoba ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingasetshenziswa ukugxilisa izinto endaweni yayo engase ikhunyulwe kamuva futhi ibuyiselwe.Ukusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni ecushiwe ukuthola igolide kuyisibonelo esisodwa salokhu.
Kwezinye izimo, ikhabhoni ecushiwe iphathwa ngamakhemikhali ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola futhi kulesi simo inhlanganisela esabelayo ewumphumela ngokuvamile ayitholakali.
Indawo yekhabhoni ecushiwe nayo ayisebenzi ngokuphelele, futhi izinqubo ezahlukahlukene ze-catalytic zingafinyelelwa kusetshenziswa nokusebenzisa indawo yangaphakathi enwetshiwe etholakalayo.
Ithini ikhabhoni ecushiwe ezinhlelweni zokusebenza?
Amakhabhoni Acushiwe anokusetshenziswa okuningi okuhlukene kusukela ekuhlungeni kuya ekuhlanzweni nangale kwalokho.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuqina kanye nemvamisa yezinkinga zokunambitha kanye nephunga emanzini okuphuza kuye kwanda emhlabeni wonke.Ngaphandle kwenkinga yobuhle kumthengi, lokhu futhi kudala ukungaqiniseki mayelana nekhwalithi nokuphepha kwamanzi.Izinhlanganisela ezibhekene nezinkinga zokunambitha nephunga zingaba ne-anthropogenic (ukukhishwa kwezimboni noma zikamasipala) noma imvelaphi yebhayoloji.Esimweni sokugcina, akhiqizwa yizinto eziphilayo ezincane ezifana ne-cyanobacteria.
Izinhlanganisela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu yi-geosmin ne-2-methylisoborneol (MIB).I-Geosmin, enephunga lomhlaba, ivame ukukhiqizwa yi-planktonic cyanobacteria (imisiwe emanzini).I-MIB, enephunga elibi, ivame ukukhiqizwa ku-biofilm ekhula emadwaleni, ezitshalweni zasemanzini kanye nenhlabathi.Lezi zinhlanganisela zitholwa amaseli womuntu wokuhogela ezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu, ngisho nasebangeni lezingxenye ezimbalwa ngethriliyoni ngayinye (ppt, noma ng/l).
Izindlela ezivamile zokuhlanza amanzi ngokuvamile azikwazi ukususa i-MIB ne-geosmin zibe ngaphansi komkhawulo wazo wokunambitheka nephunga, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwekhabhoni ecushiwe kulolu hlelo lokusebenza.Indlela evamile yokuqashwa ukusebenzisa ikhabhoni eyimpuphu ecushiwe (i-PAC), ethanyelwa emanzini ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka ukuze kulawulwe izinkinga zokunambitheka nephunga.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-10-2022