Inqubo yokucubungula ikhabhoni ecushiwe ngokuvamile iqukethe i-carbonization elandelwa ukwenziwa kusebenze kwento ekhabhoni evela kwimvelaphi yemifino. I-Carbonization yindlela yokwelapha ukushisa ku-400-800°C eguqula izinto ezingavuthiwe zibe ikhabhoni ngokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kanye nokwandisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwento. Lokhu kwandisa amandla wezinto futhi kwakha isakhiwo sokuqala esinezimbotshana esidingekayo uma ikhabhoni izocushwa. Ukulungisa izimo ze-carbonization kungathinta kakhulu umkhiqizo wokugcina. Izinga lokushisa elikhulayo le-carbonization likhuphula ukusebenza kabusha, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunciphisa umthamo wama-pores akhona. Lokhu kuncipha kwevolumu yezimbotshana kungenxa yokwanda kokufiphala kwezinto emazingeni okushisa aphezulu e-carbonization okukhiqiza ukwanda kwamandla emishini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinga lokushisa elilungile lenqubo ngokusekelwe kumkhiqizo oyifunayo we-carbonization.
Lawa ma-oxide ahlakazeka aphume kukhabhoni okuholela ekungeneni kwegesi ngokwengxenye okuvula izimbotshana ebezivaliwe ngaphambili futhi kuthuthukise ukwakheka kwamakhabhoni angaphakathi anezimbotshana. Ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali, ikhabhoni isabela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu nge-ejenti eqeda amanzi emzimbeni eqeda iningi le-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo esakhiweni sekhabhoni. Ukwenza kusebenze amakhemikhali kuvame ukuhlanganisa isinyathelo se-carbonization nesokwenza kusebenze, kodwa lezi zinyathelo ezimbili zisengenzeka ngokuhlukene kuye ngenqubo. Kutholwe izindawo eziphakeme ezingaphezu kuka-3,000 m2/g lapho kusetshenziswa i-KOH njenge-ejenti esebenza ngamakhemikhali.
Ikhabhoni Ecushiwe Ezintweni Ezingahluziwe Ezihlukile.
Ngaphezu kokuba i-adsorbent esetshenziselwa izinjongo eziningi ezahlukene, ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingakhiqizwa kusuka engcebweni yezinto ezingavuthiwe ezihlukile, okuyenza ibe umkhiqizo oguquguqukayo ngendlela emangalisayo ongakhiqizwa ezindaweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene kuye ngokuthi iyiphi impahla eluhlaza etholakalayo. Ezinye zalezi zinto zihlanganisa amagobolondo ezitshalo, amatshe ezithelo, izinto zokhuni, itiyela, ama-carbides ensimbi, ama-carbon blacks, imfucumfucu ephuma endle, nezinsalela ze-polymer. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamalahle, esezivele zikhona efomini eli-5 le-carbonaceous elinesakhiwo se-pore esithuthukisiwe, zingase zicutshungulwe ukuze zenze ikhabhoni ecushiwe. Nakuba ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingakhiqizwa cishe kunoma iyiphi impahla eluhlaza, kubiza kakhulu futhi okuqaphela imvelo ukukhiqiza ikhabhoni ecushiwe kusuka kumfucumfucu. Amakhabhoni acushiwe akhiqizwe kumagobolondo kakhukhunathi akhonjiswe ukuthi anenani eliphezulu lama-micropores, okuwenza abe yimpahla eluhlaza esetshenziswa kakhulu lapho kudingeka khona umthamo omkhulu we-adsorption. I-Sawdust nezinye izinto ezilahliwe zokhuni nazo ziqukethe izakhiwo ezincane ezithuthukisiwe ezilungele ukukhangisa kusuka esigabeni segesi. Ukukhiqiza ikhabhoni ecushiwe kusuka kumnqumo, iplamu, ibhilikosi, namatshe epentshisi kukhiqiza ama-adsorbent ahambisana kakhulu anobunzima obubalulekile, ukumelana nokuhuzuka kanye nevolumu ephezulu ye-micropore. Izinsalela ze-PVC zingenziwa zisebenze uma i-HCl ikhishwa ngaphambili, futhi iphumela kukhabhoni ecushiwe okuyi-adsorbent enhle ye-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amakhabhoni acushiwe asekhiqizwe ngisho nezinsalela zamasondo. Ukuze uhlukanise phakathi kobubanzi obubanzi bezandulela ezingase zibe khona, kuba kudingekile ukuhlola izakhiwo ezingokomzimba eziwumphumela ngemva kokwenza kusebenze. Lapho ukhetha i-precursor izici ezilandelayo zibalulekile: indawo ethile yendawo yezimbotshana, ivolumu yembotshana kanye nokusabalalisa kwevolumu yembotshana, ukwakheka nosayizi wamagranules, kanye nesakhiwo samakhemikhali/uhlamvu lwekhabhoni.
Ukukhetha isandulela esilungile sohlelo lokusebenza olulungile kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ukuhlukahluka kwezinto ezandulelayo kuvumela ukulawula ukwakheka kwama-carbon pore. Ama-precursors ahlukene aqukethe amanani ahlukahlukene ama-macropores (> 50 nm,) okuthi 6 anqume ukusebenza kabusha kwawo. Lawa ma-macropores awasebenzi kahle ekukhangisweni, kepha ubukhona bawo buvumela iziteshi eziningi zokwakha ama-micropores ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ukwengeza, ama-macropores ahlinzeka ngezindlela eziningi zama-molecule e-adsorbate ukuze afinyelele kuma-micropores ngesikhathi sokukhangisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-01-2022