Izakhiwo Zekhabhoni Ecushiwe
Lapho ukhetha ikhabhoni ecushiwe yohlelo oluthile, izici ezahlukahlukene kufanele zibhekwe:
Isakhiwo sePore
Isakhiwo sezimbotshana sekhabhoni ecushiwe siyahlukahluka futhi siwumphumela omkhulu wezinto eziwumthombo kanye nendlela yokukhiqiza.¹ Ukwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe namandla ahehayo, yikho okuvumela ukukhangiswa ukuthi kwenzeke.
Ubulukhuni/Ukuhuzuka
Ubulukhuni/umhuzuko nakho kuyisici esibalulekile ekukhetheni. Izicelo eziningi zizodinga ikhabhoni ecushiwe ukuthi ibe namandla ezinhlayiyana eziphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuncishiswa (ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto zibe izinhlawulo). Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ekhiqizwe kumagobolondo kakhukhunathi inobunzima obukhulu kakhulu bamakhabhoni acushiwe.
Izakhiwo ze-Adsorptive
Izici zokumunca zekhabhoni ecushiwe zifaka izici ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa amandla e-adsorptive, izinga le-adsorption, kanye nokusebenza kahle kukonke kwekhabhoni ecushiwe.
Kuye ngokusetshenziswa (uketshezi noma igesi), lezi zakhiwo zingaboniswa izinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa inombolo ye-iodine, indawo engaphezulu, kanye nomsebenzi weCarbon Tetrachloride (CTC).
Ukuminyana Okubonakalayo
Nakuba ukuminyana okubonakalayo ngeke kuthinte i-adsorption ngeyunithi ngayinye yesisindo, kuzothinta i-adsorption ngevolumu yeyunithi ngayinye.
Umswakama
Ngokufanelekile, inani lomswakama womzimba eliqukethwe kukhabhoni ecushiwe kufanele lehlele phakathi kwama-3-6%.
Okuqukethwe Umlotha
Okuqukethwe komlotha wekhabhoni ecushiwe isilinganiso sengxenye ye-inert, i-amorphous, inorganic, nengasebenziseki. Okuqukethwe komlotha kuzoba phansi ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba izinga lekhabhoni ecushiwe likhuphuka njengoba umlotha uncipha.
Inani le-pH
Inani le-pH livame ukukalwa ukubikezela ushintsho olungase lube khona lapho ikhabhoni ecushiwe yengezwa oketshezini.
Usayizi Wezinhlayiyana
Usayizi wezinhlayiyana unomthelela oqondile ku-adsorption kinetics, izici zokugeleza, nokuhlungwa kwekhabhoni ecushiwe.
Ukukhiqizwa Kwekhabhoni Okucushiwe
Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ikhiqizwa ngezinqubo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-carbonization kanye nokwenza kusebenze.
I-Carbonization
Ngesikhathi se-carbonization, impahla eluhlaza iboliswa ngokushisa endaweni epholile, emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-800 ºC. Ngokufakwa kwe-gasification, izakhi ezifana ne-oxygen, i-hydrogen, i-nitrogen, nesibabule, ziyasuswa emthonjeni wezinto.
Ukwenza kusebenze
I-carbonized material, noma i-char, kufanele manje icushwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokugcwele ukwakheka kwezimbotshana. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-oxidizing char emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-800-900 ºC lapho kukhona umoya, i-carbon dioxide, noma isitimu.
Ngokuya ngezinto eziwumthombo, inqubo yokukhiqiza ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingenziwa kusetshenziswa ukwenziwa kusebenze okushisayo (okungokomzimba/umusi), noma ukwenza kusebenze amakhemikhali. Kunoma ikuphi, i-rotary kiln ingasetshenziswa ukucubungula izinto zibe ikhabhoni ecushiwe.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-07-2025