Yini oyaziyo nge-activated carbon?
Kusho ukuthini nge-activated carbon?
Ikhabhoni esebenzayo iyinto yemvelo ecutshunguliwe enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni. Isibonelo, amalahle, ukhuni noma ukhukhunathi kuyizinto zokusetshenziswa ezifanele kakhulu kulokhu. Umkhiqizo ophumayo unezimbobo eziningi futhi ungamunca ama-molecule okungcola futhi uwabambe, ngaleyo ndlela uhlanze umoya, amagesi kanye noketshezi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zekhabhoni esebenzayo engatholakala ngazo?
Ikhabhoni esebenzayo ingakhiqizwa ngokwezentengiselwano ngezindlela ezihlanganisiwe, ezifakwe i-pellet kanye neziyimpuphu. Osayizi abahlukene bachazwa ngezinhlelo ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ekuphathweni komoya noma kwegesi, ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kuyangeniswa, ngakho-ke izinhlayiya eziqinile zisetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwengcindezi. Ekuphathweni koketshezi, lapho inqubo yokususa ihamba kancane, khona-ke izinhlayiya ezincane zisetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa izinga, noma i-kinetics, yenqubo yokuhlanza.
Isebenza kanjani i-activated carbon?
Ikhabhoni esebenzayo isebenza ngenqubo yokumunca. Lokhu kuwukudonsela kwe-molecule ebusweni obukhulu bangaphakathi bekhabhoni ngamandla abuthakathaka, aziwa ngokuthi amabutho aseLondon. I-molecule ibanjwa endaweni yayo futhi ayikwazi ukususwa, ngaphandle kokuthi izimo zenqubo zishintshe, isibonelo ukushisa noma ingcindezi. Lokhu kungaba wusizo njengoba ikhabhoni esebenzayo ingasetshenziswa ukugxila izinto ebusweni bayo ezingasuswa kamuva bese zibuyiswa. Ukusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni esebenzayo ukuze kutholakale igolide kuyisibonelo esivamile salokhu.
Kwezinye izimo, ikhabhoni esebenzayo iphathwa ngamakhemikhali ukuze kususwe ukungcola futhi kulokhu inhlanganisela esabelayo ephumayo ngokuvamile ayitholakali.
Ubuso bekhabhoni obusebenzayo abusebenzi ngokuphelele, futhi izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuvuselela zingafezwa kusetshenziswa futhi kusetshenziswe indawo ende yangaphakathi etholakalayo.
Iyini i-activated carbon kuzinhlelo zokusebenza?
Ama-Carbon asebenzayo anezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokusebenzisa kusukela ekuhlungeni kuya ekuhlanzeni nangaphezulu.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuqina kanye nokuvama kwezinkinga zokunambitha kanye nephunga emanzini okuphuza kuye kwanda emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphandle kwenkinga yobuhle kumthengi, lokhu kudala nokungaqiniseki njalo mayelana nekhwalithi kanye nokuphepha kwamanzi. Ama-compounds abangela izinkinga zokunambitha kanye nephunga angaba nomsuka wezinto eziphilayo (eziphuma ezimbonini noma zikamasipala). Esimweni sokugcina, akhiqizwa izinto eziphilayo ezincane njenge-cyanobacteria.
Ama-compound amabili avame kakhulu yi-geosmin kanye ne-2-methylisoborneol (MIB). I-Geosmin, enephunga lomhlaba, ivame ukukhiqizwa yi-planktonic cyanobacteria (efakwe emanzini). I-MIB, enephunga elibi, ivame ukukhiqizwa kwi-biofilm ekhula emadwaleni, ezitshalweni zasemanzini kanye nasenhlabathini. Lawa ma-compound atholakala ngamaseli abantu anukayo ngamanani aphansi kakhulu, ngisho nasebangeni lezingxenye ezimbalwa nge-trillion (ppt, noma ng/l).
Izindlela zokwelapha amanzi ezivamile ngokuvamile azikwazi ukususa i-MIB kanye ne-geosmin ngaphansi kwezinga lokunambitheka kanye nephunga, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-activated carbon kulolu hlelo lokusebenza. Indlela evamile yokusebenzisa i-powdered activated carbon (PAC), efakwa emanzini ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kulawulwe izinkinga zokunambitha kanye nephunga.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-04-2025